Unemployment

Q1(a) UK unemployment climbed to 5.2% from 3.9% as recession hit in 2020: name that type (cyclical / frictional / seasonal / structural).

Q1(b) Using the data given, explain one way rising unemployment could affect the UK government's budget position.

Q12(c) Say what the unemployment rate measures, using the Fed's forecast of about 4% for the USA in 2024.

Q5 Choose the correct job-search and availability windows used by the ILO to count someone as unemployed.

Q3 Work out the percentage change in Turkey's unemployment rate, which fell to 9.8% by January 2023.

Q13 Evaluate what more joblessness does to workers and the state budget, as India's rate went from 7.1% to 8.5% in 2023.

Q2 Name the type of joblessness in Chad, where farm work dries up over winter (Frictional / Real wage / Seasonal / Structural).

Q5 Identify a likely consequence of Sri Lankan joblessness rising from 5.2% to 6.7%.

Q10 Explain how Malta's falling jobless rate between 2020 and 2022 affects government finances.

Q12(b) Explain the way the ILO measures joblessness, referring to the Chinese youth figures.

Q12(c) Analyse two reasons why so many young Chinese workers are jobless, using the extract.

Q2(a) Select the correct statement from a chart tracking UK unemployment between December 2020 and June 2022.

Q2(b) Using that unemployment chart, give one plausible explanation for the way Britain's jobless rate shifted.

Q7 Explain one consequence for Pakistan's government budget of joblessness rising between 2018 and 2021.

Q3 Name the unemployment type behind the US jump to 14.8% by April 2020 during the pandemic recession (seasonal / structural / demand deficient / frictional).

Q2 Many Indian workers left their jobs in 2021 to search for new employment. Identify the cause of unemployment. (demand deficient / frictional / seasonal / structural)

Q12(d) Examine two probable consequences for Australia's economy of the sharp rise in unemployment, drawing on Figure 2 and Extract A.

Q3 About 27% of Indonesian part-time workers work fewer hours than they would like. Identify what may be deduced. (high underemployment / high economic inactivity / high unemployment / high inflation)

Q2(b) Examine two ways German firms could be affected by the projected 2019–2020 move in unemployment, referring to Figure 4.

Q1 Using a table of US real GDP growth and unemployment in Q1 and Q2 2020, identify the most likely cause of the rise in unemployment. (real wage / demand deficient / structural / seasonal)

Q7 Using the chart of Jamaican unemployment across 2013 to 2020, explain one way that trend probably shapes the economy.

Q1 380 000 of the 800 000 UK graduates in 2019 started jobs not requiring a degree. Identify the concept. (underemployment / unemployment / real wage inflexibility / economic inactivity)

Q14 Evaluate how higher unemployment affects workers, government finances and use of resources (context: South Africa's rate climbing 27.6% to 29% across Q1–Q2 2019).

Q4(a) From the UK claimant count figures, work out the percentage change in unemployment from April through to July 2018.

Q4(b) Give one explanation for UK unemployment climbing across the period covered by the data.

Q4(c) Technological change within an industry most often produces which form of unemployment? (cyclical / real wage / seasonal / structural)

Q4 In 2019, 4.3 million US part-time workers would have preferred full-time work. Identify the concept. (frictional unemployment / protectionism / underemployment / resource utilisation)

Q1 Mongolia has higher unemployment in winter when demand for agricultural labour falls. Identify the type of unemployment. (seasonal / real wage inflexibility / structural / demand deficiency)

Q7 Explain one way unemployment rates near 37-46% affect government finances in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Q3(a) Using the 2008–2018 UK unemployment chart, explain one economic consequence of how the rate moved after 2012.

Q6 Using a chart of Greece's ILO unemployment rate from January to October 2017, calculate the percentage change.

Q8 New Zealand's 2017 population of 4.693 million took in net migration of 73 000: explain one way unemployment could be affected.

Q6(a) Using Figure 1, account for one source of divergence between the claimant count and the ILO unemployment measure.

Q1(a) From the 2008–2015 UK unemployment chart, name the kind of unemployment behind the 2008–2010 movement. (cyclical / frictional / seasonal / voluntary)

Q3(a) State the meaning of the claimant count measure (2 marks).

Q3(b) Using UK claimant count data, calculate the percentage change from August 2014 to February 2015.

Q3(c) Choose which of four listed changes would most plausibly lower the claimant count (bigger benefit payment / mandatory weekly interview / larger workforce / employment falling).