Short-run AS

Q8 Draw an aggregate demand and short-run supply diagram for costlier imported coal hitting Japan's prices and output.

Q4 Pick the change that pushes short-run aggregate supply to the left, among lending, indirect tax, gas prices and health spending.

Q12(c) Examine how dearer energy in 2022 is likely to affect UK real output.

Q1 Identify which change moves the economy along its AS curve rather than shifting it (raw material costs / energy costs / price level / indirect tax).

Q13 Evaluate whether steep world oil prices must always damage a nation's macroeconomy, after crude went from $39 a barrel in May 2020 to $106 in March 2022.

Q12(d) Examine two macroeconomic consequences for the UK economy of the 'significant wage increases' noted in Extract A.

Q6 Using an SRAS and AD diagram for China showing a leftward SRAS shift, identify the most likely cause. (higher energy prices / lower indirect tax rates / more investment in education / less bank lending to consumers)

Q8 Use an AD/SRAS diagram to trace real output and the price level in Japan after gas slid from $5.60 to $1.66 a cubic foot (January 2014-September 2020).

Q14 Oil fell to $31 a barrel by May 2020 from $63 in January: evaluate the claim that cheaper global oil always helps a country's macroeconomy.

Q10 Oversupply pushed oil down 4.8% during 2018; with an AD/SRAS sketch, show the consequences for prices and real output in oil-importing Germany.

Q10 Draw an AD and SRAS diagram showing how Ukraine's 7.8% rise in consumption affects real output and prices.

Q9 Crude climbed from $30 a barrel in January 2016 to $65 by January 2018; sketch short-run AS and AD to show how prices and output shift in oil-importing France.